See gandu on Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "english": "Indian politics", "word": "librandu" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "inc-hnd" }, "expansion": "Hindustani", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Hindustani گانڈو / गांडू (gāṇḍū).", "forms": [ { "form": "gandus", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "gandu (plural gandus)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Indian English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 38 47", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2011, Farzana Doctor, Six Metres of Pavement, page 358:", "text": "She was almost nice, or trying to be. But that Khushaal. What a gandu! A real ass!", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2013, Manil Suri, The City of Devi, page 327:", "text": "See—a gandu, nothing more, just like I said. Surely if it were a plot, they'd send a proper man.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2019, Anand Ranganathan, Chitra Subramaniam, The Rat Eater:", "text": "This Khushaal—you haven't seen his photographs, have you sir? The ugliest gandu in town...", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2020, Ranjay Chowdhury, Ram Khan: The Weird Wizard:", "text": "That gandu has set men after me.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An arsehole, an idiot." ], "id": "en-gandu-en-noun-XvILlVQX", "links": [ [ "arsehole", "arsehole" ], [ "idiot", "idiot" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India, vulgar, slang) An arsehole, an idiot." ], "tags": [ "India", "slang", "vulgar" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Indian English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pakistani English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 38 47", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1997, Hasan Mujtaba, Stephen O. Murray, Will Roscoe, Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature, page 31:", "text": "He is less likely to be considered a gandu (since presumably he can satisfy himself carnally at will with his wife).", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2001, Trikone - Volumes 16-18, page 20:", "text": "Calling Nasim a gandu and declaring a jehad against gay Muslims, he allegedly lunged at Nasim while two restaurant employees tried to restrain him.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2011, Aatish Taseer, Noon: A Novel:", "text": "'I see you've put up a picture of Maggu Mahapatra and that gandu prince, what's his name, Tuttu...'", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2012, Shobha De, Sethji:", "text": "I am not here to disturb your honeymoon with that gandu-actor.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015, Stanley I. Thangaraj, Desi Hoop Dreams, page 187:", "text": "Mustafa renarrativized his heterosexuality by playing gay as a way to control and test how much of a \"Gandu\" or \"Chakka\" Khushaal was.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Someone who takes the passive role in anal sex." ], "id": "en-gandu-en-noun-DxNsDZLI", "links": [ [ "passive", "passive" ], [ "anal sex", "anal sex" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India, Pakistan, vulgar, slang, offensive) Someone who takes the passive role in anal sex." ], "tags": [ "India", "Pakistan", "offensive", "slang", "vulgar" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "tags": [ "English", "Singapore", "colloquial" ], "word": "goondu" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ha", "3": "gandū", "t": "large farm" }, "expansion": "Hausa gandū (“large farm”)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Hausa gandū (“large farm”).", "forms": [ { "form": "gandus", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "gandu (plural gandus)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "West African English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 38 47", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1966, Dhara S. Gill, FAO Socio-economic Survey of Peasant Agriculture in Northern Nigeria, page 70:", "text": "There are several variations in the organization of gandu in this area.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2005, Steven Pierce, Farmers and the State in Colonial Kano:", "text": "He described a number of other possibilities, for example, that in the event of a father's death, brothers might continue the gandu, with the senior brother taking the father's position as head.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2014, Paul Clough, Morality and Economic Growth in Rural West Africa:", "text": "Hill found that in Dorayi, few married sons left gandu. Fathers were reluctant to release married sons from gandu and seldom granted them gayauna.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A work agreement usually involving a married man and his adult sons who take on responsibility for the fieldwork of a farm on which they all live." ], "id": "en-gandu-en-noun-jAPOZncR", "links": [ [ "work", "work" ], [ "agreement", "agreement" ], [ "married", "married" ], [ "man", "man" ], [ "son", "son" ], [ "fieldwork", "fieldwork" ], [ "farm", "farm" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Africa) A work agreement usually involving a married man and his adult sons who take on responsibility for the fieldwork of a farm on which they all live." ], "tags": [ "Africa", "West" ] } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ha", "2": "son" }, "expansion": "Songhay", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From a Songhay word for \"land\".", "forms": [ { "form": "gandū", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "gandā̀yē", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "gandun", "tags": [ "possessed-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "gandū", "3": "gandā̀yē" }, "expansion": "gandū m (plural gandā̀yē, possessed form gandun)", "name": "ha-noun" } ], "lang": "Hausa", "lang_code": "ha", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "ha", "name": "Agriculture", "orig": "ha:Agriculture", "parents": [ "Applied sciences", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "large farm, usually worked by a single family" ], "id": "en-gandu-ha-noun-zGzmb6Wh", "links": [ [ "farm", "farm" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɡán.dúː/" }, { "ipa": "[ɡán.dúː]", "note": "Standard Kano Hausa" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_number": 1, "forms": [ { "form": "ganduku", "tags": [ "first-person", "possessive" ] }, { "form": "gandumu", "tags": [ "possessive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "gandunya", "tags": [ "possessive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "head": "", "pl": "-" }, "expansion": "gandu (first-person possessive ganduku, second-person possessive gandumu, third-person possessive gandunya)", "name": "id-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "spadefish (Ephippus orbis)." ], "id": "en-gandu-id-noun-07P~~Sbm", "links": [ [ "spadefish", "spadefish" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "ganduku", "tags": [ "first-person", "possessive" ] }, { "form": "gandumu", "tags": [ "possessive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "gandunya", "tags": [ "possessive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "head": "", "pl": "-" }, "expansion": "gandu (first-person possessive ganduku, second-person possessive gandumu, third-person possessive gandunya)", "name": "id-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "18 23 22 6 2 28", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 23 22 4 1 36", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 2 72", "kind": "other", "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "5 95", "kind": "other", "name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant script codes", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "box bean (Entada phaseoloides)." ], "id": "en-gandu-id-noun-c8ZCDNjN" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "id", "2": "su" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?]", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?].", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "id", "2": "classifier" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "classifier", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "74 2 24", "kind": "other", "name": "Indonesian classifiers", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "classifier word for cylindrical objects" ], "id": "en-gandu-id-classifier--nkhugw8", "raw_glosses": [ "(dialectal) classifier word for cylindrical objects" ], "tags": [ "dialectal" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nnr", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Narungga", "lang_code": "nnr", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Narungga entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "wallaby, in particular the rock wallaby" ], "id": "en-gandu-nnr-noun-DaKop9Yy", "links": [ [ "wallaby", "wallaby" ], [ "rock wallaby", "rock wallaby" ] ] } ], "word": "gandu" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "jui", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Ngadjuri", "lang_code": "jui", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Ngadjuri entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "lifeform", "langcode": "jui", "name": "Animals", "orig": "jui:Animals", "parents": [ "Lifeforms", "All topics", "Life", "Fundamental", "Nature" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "wallaby, in particular the rock wallaby" ], "id": "en-gandu-jui-noun-DaKop9Yy", "links": [ [ "wallaby", "wallaby" ], [ "rock wallaby", "rock wallaby" ] ] } ], "word": "gandu" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from Hausa", "English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages", "English terms derived from Hausa", "English terms derived from Hindustani languages", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "english": "Indian politics", "word": "librandu" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "inc-hnd" }, "expansion": "Hindustani", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Hindustani گانڈو / गांडू (gāṇḍū).", "forms": [ { "form": "gandus", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "gandu (plural gandus)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English vulgarities", "Indian English" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2011, Farzana Doctor, Six Metres of Pavement, page 358:", "text": "She was almost nice, or trying to be. But that Khushaal. What a gandu! A real ass!", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2013, Manil Suri, The City of Devi, page 327:", "text": "See—a gandu, nothing more, just like I said. Surely if it were a plot, they'd send a proper man.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2019, Anand Ranganathan, Chitra Subramaniam, The Rat Eater:", "text": "This Khushaal—you haven't seen his photographs, have you sir? The ugliest gandu in town...", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2020, Ranjay Chowdhury, Ram Khan: The Weird Wizard:", "text": "That gandu has set men after me.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An arsehole, an idiot." ], "links": [ [ "arsehole", "arsehole" ], [ "idiot", "idiot" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India, vulgar, slang) An arsehole, an idiot." ], "tags": [ "India", "slang", "vulgar" ] }, { "categories": [ "English offensive terms", "English slang", "English terms with quotations", "English vulgarities", "Indian English", "Pakistani English" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1997, Hasan Mujtaba, Stephen O. Murray, Will Roscoe, Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature, page 31:", "text": "He is less likely to be considered a gandu (since presumably he can satisfy himself carnally at will with his wife).", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2001, Trikone - Volumes 16-18, page 20:", "text": "Calling Nasim a gandu and declaring a jehad against gay Muslims, he allegedly lunged at Nasim while two restaurant employees tried to restrain him.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2011, Aatish Taseer, Noon: A Novel:", "text": "'I see you've put up a picture of Maggu Mahapatra and that gandu prince, what's his name, Tuttu...'", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2012, Shobha De, Sethji:", "text": "I am not here to disturb your honeymoon with that gandu-actor.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015, Stanley I. Thangaraj, Desi Hoop Dreams, page 187:", "text": "Mustafa renarrativized his heterosexuality by playing gay as a way to control and test how much of a \"Gandu\" or \"Chakka\" Khushaal was.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Someone who takes the passive role in anal sex." ], "links": [ [ "passive", "passive" ], [ "anal sex", "anal sex" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India, Pakistan, vulgar, slang, offensive) Someone who takes the passive role in anal sex." ], "tags": [ "India", "Pakistan", "offensive", "slang", "vulgar" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "English", "Singapore", "colloquial" ], "word": "goondu" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from Hausa", "English terms derived from Hausa", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ha", "3": "gandū", "t": "large farm" }, "expansion": "Hausa gandū (“large farm”)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Hausa gandū (“large farm”).", "forms": [ { "form": "gandus", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "gandu (plural gandus)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "West African English" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1966, Dhara S. Gill, FAO Socio-economic Survey of Peasant Agriculture in Northern Nigeria, page 70:", "text": "There are several variations in the organization of gandu in this area.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2005, Steven Pierce, Farmers and the State in Colonial Kano:", "text": "He described a number of other possibilities, for example, that in the event of a father's death, brothers might continue the gandu, with the senior brother taking the father's position as head.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2014, Paul Clough, Morality and Economic Growth in Rural West Africa:", "text": "Hill found that in Dorayi, few married sons left gandu. Fathers were reluctant to release married sons from gandu and seldom granted them gayauna.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A work agreement usually involving a married man and his adult sons who take on responsibility for the fieldwork of a farm on which they all live." ], "links": [ [ "work", "work" ], [ "agreement", "agreement" ], [ "married", "married" ], [ "man", "man" ], [ "son", "son" ], [ "fieldwork", "fieldwork" ], [ "farm", "farm" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Africa) A work agreement usually involving a married man and his adult sons who take on responsibility for the fieldwork of a farm on which they all live." ], "tags": [ "Africa", "West" ] } ], "word": "gandu" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ha", "2": "son" }, "expansion": "Songhay", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From a Songhay word for \"land\".", "forms": [ { "form": "gandū", "tags": [ "canonical", "masculine" ] }, { "form": "gandā̀yē", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "gandun", "tags": [ "possessed-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "gandū", "3": "gandā̀yē" }, "expansion": "gandū m (plural gandā̀yē, possessed form gandun)", "name": "ha-noun" } ], "lang": "Hausa", "lang_code": "ha", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Hausa entries with incorrect language header", "Hausa lemmas", "Hausa masculine nouns", "Hausa nouns", "Hausa terms derived from Songhay languages", "Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "ha:Agriculture" ], "glosses": [ "large farm, usually worked by a single family" ], "links": [ [ "farm", "farm" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɡán.dúː/" }, { "ipa": "[ɡán.dúː]", "note": "Standard Kano Hausa" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "categories": [ "Indonesian classifiers", "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header", "Indonesian lemmas", "Indonesian nouns", "Indonesian terms borrowed from Sundanese", "Indonesian terms derived from Sundanese", "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes", "Indonesian uncountable nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 1, "forms": [ { "form": "ganduku", "tags": [ "first-person", "possessive" ] }, { "form": "gandumu", "tags": [ "possessive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "gandunya", "tags": [ "possessive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "head": "", "pl": "-" }, "expansion": "gandu (first-person possessive ganduku, second-person possessive gandumu, third-person possessive gandunya)", "name": "id-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)" ], "glosses": [ "spadefish (Ephippus orbis)." ], "links": [ [ "spadefish", "spadefish" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "categories": [ "Indonesian classifiers", "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header", "Indonesian lemmas", "Indonesian nouns", "Indonesian terms borrowed from Sundanese", "Indonesian terms derived from Sundanese", "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes", "Indonesian uncountable nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "ganduku", "tags": [ "first-person", "possessive" ] }, { "form": "gandumu", "tags": [ "possessive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "gandunya", "tags": [ "possessive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "head": "", "pl": "-" }, "expansion": "gandu (first-person possessive ganduku, second-person possessive gandumu, third-person possessive gandunya)", "name": "id-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)" ], "glosses": [ "box bean (Entada phaseoloides)." ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "categories": [ "Indonesian classifiers", "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header", "Indonesian lemmas", "Indonesian terms borrowed from Sundanese", "Indonesian terms derived from Sundanese", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "id", "2": "su" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?]", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?].", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "id", "2": "classifier" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "gan‧du" ], "lang": "Indonesian", "lang_code": "id", "pos": "classifier", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Indonesian dialectal terms" ], "glosses": [ "classifier word for cylindrical objects" ], "raw_glosses": [ "(dialectal) classifier word for cylindrical objects" ], "tags": [ "dialectal" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈɡandu/" } ], "word": "gandu" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nnr", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Narungga", "lang_code": "nnr", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Narungga entries with incorrect language header", "Narungga lemmas", "Narungga nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "wallaby, in particular the rock wallaby" ], "links": [ [ "wallaby", "wallaby" ], [ "rock wallaby", "rock wallaby" ] ] } ], "word": "gandu" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "jui", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "gandu", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Ngadjuri", "lang_code": "jui", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Ngadjuri entries with incorrect language header", "Ngadjuri lemmas", "Ngadjuri nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "jui:Animals" ], "glosses": [ "wallaby, in particular the rock wallaby" ], "links": [ [ "wallaby", "wallaby" ], [ "rock wallaby", "rock wallaby" ] ] } ], "word": "gandu" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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